Tennessee

Gray

vs

University of Tennessee

This case involves four Black students who applied to The University of Tennessee. Gray and Alexander applied for admission to the graduate school. Blakeney and Patterson applied to the college of law. They all qualified for admission but were denied because they were Black. The Board of Trustees said they denied the students because Tennessee’s state constitution and statutes required segregated schools. The case was taken to the Circuit Court of the Eastern District of Tennessee, which held that the situation was "unjust discrimination" against the students under the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The court made two important rulings.  First, there were no other institutions in the state where the students could obtain the graduate or legal education they sought. Second, segregation by law may be a valid exercise, but when it denies members of a race their rights, it is denounced. Ultimately, the court recognized that the U.S. Supreme Court, under other similar cases (Gaines, Sipuel, Sweatt, and McLaurin), had ruled that these students were being denied their right to the equal protection of the laws as granted by the Fourteenth Amendment. Therefore, the students won their case.

Further Reading

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Photograph of Thurgood Marshall, who was on the legal team of the plaintiff.

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"Avon N. Williams Jr., left goes over files with NAACP attorney Z. Alexander Looby during a segregation hearing at the Federal Courthouse in Nashville." These are two of the atttorneys for the plaintiff.

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Photograph of Z. Alexander Looby, a Nashville city councilman and attorney for the NAACP, who was on the legal team of the plaintiff.

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Photograph of John Jay Hooker, an attorney on the legal team for defendants.

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Photograph of John Jay Hooker, an attorney on the legal team for defendants.